Thursday, September 3, 2020

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 13

Questions - Essay Example He additionally expressed that the significance and charge of fantasy relies upon the examination relating to a specific way of thinking. As far as philosophical examinations, Plato uncovered that legends are viewed as brimming with blunders. This is chosen dependent on the sort of fantasy and the way of thinking in which it is being used. Phaedo, Plato’s imaginative work portrays about death and the fantasies that rotate around the idea of death. It additionally characterizes the contrary energies and their contentions which thus underscore on the way that legends are viewed as an idea which depends on contentions and alternate extremes. Acknowledgment of a way of thinking or a hypothesis and the information on that hypothesis relies upon the truth. The hypotheses must consent well with its reality even before it is seen to turn into a reality. The uncommon conditions and cutoff points characterize the manner by which a legend is comprehended and considered. Mysticism was named as Aristotle’s first way of thinking and it portrayed the all inclusive standards and the presence of people. This hypothesis underlined on the shrewdness and its inclination and this was clarified in a logical way. Aristotle planned for rediscovering the logical realities which is viewed as a defining moment in the field of science. Indeed, even the presence of universe and humankind where clarified in an alternate point of view. His sentiment about was additionally extraordinary and he made it a point to clarify them in every single work of his. (Cohen, 2005). Fantasy wore a totally unique job in Aristotle’s transcendentalism. Despite the fact that Aristotle was a supporter of Plato, his conclusion and judgment on fantasy was totally extraordinary when contrasted with that of Plato’s. Aristotle’s thought of fantasy was viewed as unforgiving in a large portion of his ways of thinking. Be that as it may, in specific circumstances, he acknowledges the idea of fantasy and characterizes it in a cosmological and

Saturday, August 22, 2020

100 years of army history Essays - Reserve Officers Training Corps

100 years of armed force history Essays - Reserve Officers Training Corps Making the best military officials on the planet; rousing youngsters to be better residents. The Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC), as it exists today, started with President Wilson marking the National Defense Act of 1916. Albeit military preparing had been occurring in regular citizen schools and colleges as right on time as 1819, the marking of the National Defense Act brought this preparation under single, governmentally controlled element: The Reserve Officers' Training Corps. Armed force ROTC is the biggest official delivering association with the American military, having dispatched the greater part a million second lieutenants since its origin. The United States Army Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) appeared with the entry of the National Defense Act of 1916. Under the arrangements of the Act, secondary schools were approved the credit of government military hardware and the task of deployment ready military work force as educators. In 1964, the Vitalization Act opened JROTC up to different administrations and supplanted the vast majority of the well-trained educators with retirees who worked for and were cost shared by the schools. Title 10 of the U.S. Code pronounces that the reason for Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps is to ingrain in understudies in United States auxiliary instructive establishments the estimation of citizenship, administration to the United States, moral duty, and a feeling of achievement. History of Army ROTC The JROTC Program has changed extraordinarily throughout the years. Once viewed fundamentally as a wellspring of enrolled selects and official competitors, it turned into a citizenship program gave to the good, physical and instructive inspire of American youth. Despite the fact that the program held its military structure and the resultant capacity to inject in its understudy cadets a feeling of control and request, it shed the majority of its initial military substance. The investigation of morals, citizenship, interchanges, authority, fundamental abilities and different subjects intended to get ready youngsters and lady to have their spot in grown-up society, advanced as the center of the program. All the more as of late, an improved understudy fixated educational plan concentrating on character building and metro obligation is being introduced in each JROTC homeroom. JROTC is a proceeding with example of overcoming adversity. From an unobtrusive start of 6 units in 1916, JROTC has extended to 1645 schools today and to each state in the country and American schools abroad. Cadet enlistment has developed to 281,000 cadets with 4,000 expert teachers in the study halls. Included exclusively of deployment ready Army retirees, the JROTC educators fill in as guides building up the extraordinary youthful residents of our nation. Most Americans don't have the foggiest idea about there's an Army Reserve, and even a significant number of the individuals who do couldn't clarify the contrast among it and the deployment ready Army. They're considerably progressively confounded with regards to recognizing the Army Reserve and the National Guard. In this way, here's all you truly need to think about the Army Reserve: The Pentagon couldn't be battling the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq without it. As the Army Reserve turns 100 years of age April 23, it's important exactly how much its strategic changed, and what that says about the manner in which the country is taking up arms. The Army Reserve is comprised of low maintenance officers, who for ages have experienced a time of full-time fundamental preparing, and afterward went through an end of the week every month preparing and possibly 14 days every year on expanded activities. (The National Guard is additionally low maintenance power, whose individuals report to the governors of their states, however who can be federalized and sent off to war simply like reservists). During its initial 80 years, the Army Reserve was sent multiple times, a number it has obscured in the a long time since. Almost 50% of the Army's supporting units everything from military police to common issues units presently lives in the Army Reserve. As of now 26,000 of the Army's 190,000 Reservists are ready for deployment, remembering 6,600 for Iraq and 5,700 in Afghanistan. After the Cold War, the Pentagon made emotional slices to its accessible ground powers, cutting the 770,000-in number deployment ready Army to a supplement of 479,000 just before 9/11 (it's at 524,000 at this point). Fantasies about pursuing future wars with $350 million F-22 warriors and $2 billion Virginia-class assault subs immediately dissipated as the mud-and-blood crusades in Afghanistan and Iraq indicated that the U.S. would require a lot of boots on

Friday, August 21, 2020

Social class in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Social class in America - Essay Example Today, anybody can join the high society by making huge amounts of cash and they can ascend from indefinite quality to being individuals from the privileged by excellence of their riches and difficult work. It is important that previously and even in some conventional social orders today, one couldn't get entrance into the privileged except if they are of honorable birth or conceived in a customarily affluent family regardless of whether one isn't well off. Truth be told, in the days of yore the privileged people who were frequently the decision class thought of it as shameful to work and left all the attempting to the regular workers who were mistreated and regularly compelled to crouch grounds of the honorability. Be that as it may, this changed with time and today, moving from center to privileged is simple if one somehow managed to accomplish impressive riches, which will bring about a higher social standing. In any case, there are a couple of American families that are casually viewed as raised on account of their narratives, for example, the Kennedys who have been frequently called the American imperial family. Be that as it may, even such casual acknowledgment can't be isolated from the well off they own and toward the day's end; cash tallies in excess of a highbrow history. In accordance with the definition, the privileged are viewed as in this way in light of the manner in which society sees them and this cause them to feel better owing than their money related influence they employ. Quickly beneath the high society there is the working class, they comprise of dominant part of the Americans working cushy occupations who make up the greater part of the populace. What's more, they are vie wed as subordinate to the privileged, mostly in light of their relatively lower money related circumstance. Moreover, the American white collar class comprise of experts, for example, specialists, educators and dental specialist and different experts; this class likewise incorporates huge numbers of Americans with private venture and those working in workplaces as bookkeepers, assistants and government workers. For example, Bill Gates is an individual from the high society while a large number of those working for him in Microsoft, in various limits, for example, software engineers and bookkeepers, are for the most part in the white collar class. This differentiation is commonly founded on the monetary ability despite the fact that the break among him and his representatives is of close to unfathomable extents. Being the most crowded white collar class is definitely the most persuasive, as such even in legislative issues; they are the primary voters, which clarify why the two presid ential up-and-comers are both leaving their approaches to show that they have their inclinations on a fundamental level. Notwithstanding, it is imperative that the high society has a definitive state, since they are the ones who bankroll contenders, as such they can impact an up-and-comer crusading power by providing them with more assets. In this manner, they will have backhanded control of the working class who as regular will be controlled into speculation they are deciding. At last, the class holding the least social situation in is lower class, which was generally known as the common laborers, be that as it may, the work done by this class regularly incorporates modest occupations, for example, cleaners and other humble paid manual specialists. Moreover, because of ongoing monetary difficulties, joblessness has constrained numerous Americans in the past white collar class to wind up in this class so their depiction as average workers isn't completely right. This class incorpora tes the destitute and numerous others living beneath the neediness line frequently reliant on government assistance. In this class, one will likewise discover unlawful settlers who

Wednesday, June 17, 2020

Everyone Strives For Happiness - Free Essay Example

As teenagers, we make decisions everyday that affect our current and future happiness. We balance difficult classes and a plethora of extracurriculars in hopes to secure our future while simultaneously trying to enjoy our day-to-day lives. But, how are we supposed to search for something when we dont truly know what it is were looking for? Lately, Ive wondered that myself and have taken to searching for answers, finding that much of what I was taught and believed about happiness is strikingly incorrect. What we believe to be a basic emotion has been shown in recent studies to be very misunderstood. Happiness is much more complicated and much more reliant on the physcology and circumstances of the individual than many expect it to be. Happiness, scientifically, exists in two different forms, hedonic happiness and eudaimonic happiness. Hedonic happiness is defined as increased pleasure and decreased pain. It is centered around the instantaneous human emotions such as joy, pleasure , pride and excitement, whereas eudaimonic happiness is centered around a persons satisfaction with their life, purpose, and meaning. Veronika Huta, clinical psychology professor at the University of Ottawa explains that the distinction between these types of happiness is important due to the fact that they are commonly at odds with each other. Basically, temporary happiness often does not lead to retrospective happiness, as temporary happiness often roots from impulsive decisions. For instance, not studying for your physics test to go out with your friends or skipping a proofread of your essay so you can watch an episode of The Office before bed may seem like a good idea at the time and yes, it will bring you happiness, but the unfortunate consequence in this hedonic happiness is likely the loss of eudaimonic happiness. So how do we determine which form of happiness is more important? While one person may perceive happiness as instantaneous joy, others may perceive happiness as lon g term reflection on life. Hence meaning, happiness is not a one-size fits all concept. So the next time you decide to google how to be happy or ask for advice from a friend, recognize that the core concept of happiness varies from person to person and not all the advice you receive will apply to you. Not only can happiness be defined in different ways but it also affects the human psyche in ways we not expect. Weve all had moments, whether its having a good time with friends or family, accomplishing something after hard work, or going on a vacation, where we felt true joy. But, after these moments fade and the period of excitement passes, humans tend to experience a lurking sadness overcome them. These are commonly referred to as Happiness Hangovers. According to psychologist Gary Stollak, professor emeritus of clinical psychology at Michigan State University, this is due to our happiness set point. Our happiness set point is basically a meter where our happiness will always bal ance out. Therefore, after periods of happiness or excitement, we often experience periods of melancholy. Happiness Hangovers are in fact quite similar to the hangovers you are probably more prone to hearing. After someone intakes too much alcohol, they often experience sickness and sadness the next day. This is due to, according to behavior physiologist George Koob, a basic physiological phenomenon that the body reacts to any challenge associated with it, and often in a way to counteract the effects of that challenge. Your brain and emotions do the same thing when you experience too much happiness, they reject it and counteract it, causing you to experience a sudden change in emotion that resembles sadness, guilt, or dullness. Another shocking misconception of happiness involves the brains capability of making choices. Restaurant meals, ice cream flavors, what clothes you wear, and what cereal you buy at the grocery store are decisions you make everyday. Have you ever found you rself at a place like the Cheesecake Factory or Olive Garden with menus equivalent in length to a novel, debating between two dinners, fearing that the one you choose will be suboptimal in comparison to the other? This is what is commonly known as the Paradox of Choice. The Paradox of Choice, introduced by Barry Schwartz, implies that choice grants freedom, which then grants happiness. Yet when humans are faced with choice, they often struggle with determining whether they made the correct decisions. This worry then results with a dwindling of happiness. Many may argue the opposite, that you must gain happiness with more choice because more choice often leads to more opportunity to choose something you are satisfied with. But, this would be incorrect because with a wider variety of choice, the human brain becomes confused, resulting in stress. Paradox of choice can be applied to things as simple as choosing your meal at the Cheesecake Factory to something as difficult as choosing life-altering medical treatments. Professor at Columbia University, Sheena Iyengar, conducted a study to test the theory of Paradox of Choice. The first was conducted in a gourmet supermarket in California. Iyengar set up a stand for sampling and purchasing jams and every few hours she would rotate between two groups of sample jams. The first group of jams was a set of 24 and the second, a set of 6 jams. Throughout the time the stand was up for sampling and purchasing, 60% of customers approached the stand with 24 jams and 40% approached the stand with 6 jams but while only 3% of those that approached the stand with 24 jams actually purchased jam, 30% of those that approached the stand with 6 jams bought jam. The people in the grocery store were overwhelmed by the immense amount of different jams, therefore making them less entreating. This is due to when a person is confronted by a large selection or a wide variety of options, the human brain struggles with self-doubt and therefor e relinquishes some happiness during decision making, causing the jams to be less appealing. But, when confronted with less options, the human brain was able to better process what information is in front of it, which made the decision making easier and resulted in an escalation in happiness. Happiness has many misconceptions and is something the world is studying and pondering everyday. Theories may sharpen our focus on what happiness means to each person but it will always remain illusive. As we continue on our journey, in search of happiness

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Italian Neo-Realism Cinema Essay - 1852 Words

In this essay I will look at the emergence of Italian neo-realist cinema and how Italian Neo-realism has been defined and classified in the film industry as well as how its distinct cinematic characteristics could only have been conceived in Italy and how these characteristics set the neo-realist style apart from other realist movements and from Hollywood. The Italian Neo-Realist movement began to emerge with the fall of Mussolinis Fascist regime in 1943 and was able to entirely establish itself with the end of World War II with the end of German occupation. This caused audiences all around the globe to be â€Å"suddenly introduced to Italian films† (Historical Origins of Italian Neo-realism, n.d.) through works by â€Å"Roberto Rossellini†¦show more content†¦They are filmed almost entirely on location, for the most part in poor neighbourhoods or the countryside. Its subject matter usually consists entirely of or involves life among the poor and the working classes. Realism is emphasized and performances are mainly constructed from scenes of people performing fairly mundane day to day activities and tasks, whilst remaining completely devoid of the self-consciousness that amateur acting usually incorporates. Neo-realist films also generally feature children in major roles, though these roles are often more observationa l than participatory parts. Early neo-realist films such as Rossellini’s ‘Rome Open City’ (1945). Which received the Grand Prize at the Cannes Film Festival contained many of these elements which are associated with neo-realist cinema. However Rossellini was also able reverse the ideological and cultural emphasis of the film as discussed by Bondanella: â€Å"It is a fascinating paradox that Roma città   aperta continued many of the stylistic characteristics of cinema produced during the Fascist era, but it embodied, at the same time, a clear antifascist ideology that attempted to reconcile all of the different and conflicting political positions of the various groups making up the Italian antifascist resistance.† (Bondanella in Gottlieb, 2004) Rossellini was especially able toShow MoreRelated Italian Neorealism Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesThe aim of this report is to discuss Italian Neorealism (Neorealismo); looking at how the movement played a significant element in European cinema during and after the times of Benito Mussolini’s fascist regime. The report not only looks at how but why Neorealism became a growing phenomenon for filmmakers during its debatable 10 year period, and what implication of messages these Neorealist directors were trying to send out through their films. Backed up by several reliable book sources, the evidenceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Cinema Of Poetry 1706 Words   |  7 Pagesdirector because he simplified cinema into the simplest way possible, while still visually embodying an important message to his cinematic viewers. Because of his encounter with Italy’s social changes, it influenced the writing and films he chose to write. His aspirations regarding his written work â⠂¬Å"Cinema of Poetry† explains how a writer usage of words and a filmmaker’s choice of images are linked to how cinema can be a poetry of language. He characterizes cinema as irrational and his approach onRead MoreWhat Does Cinematic Realism Mean For Andre Bazin?1831 Words   |  8 Pagescinematic realism mean for Andrà © Bazin? (2000 words) (N.B. Each essay question should be discussed in relation to one or more audiovisual examples (e.g., individual films and/or film scenes, computer games) of your own choice. You are encouraged to make use of visual material in your essay. This essay will discuss the meaning of cinematic realism for Andre Bazin, a French film critic, theorist and mentor to directors, who; he also co-founded the influential film magazine Cahiers du Cinema in 1951Read MoreEssay on Pure Cinema1702 Words   |  7 PagesItalian Neo realism; Pure Cinema 1. Ladri de Biccilette [Bicycle Thieves] (Vittorio De Sica) Do you agree with Andre Bazin that Ladri de Biccilette is an example of ‘pure cinema’? (Bazin [1971] p.60). To what extent is such a pure cinema possible and, in your opinion, which Italian Neo-realist film screened on the unit comes closest to it? Explain your reasoning. This essay will address the characteristics of ‘pure cinema’ and the extent of its practical nature. It also seeks to analyseRead MoreItalian Neo-Realism2946 Words   |  12 PagesThis Essay will discuss how neo realism only lasted ten years and how it was committed to representing life as it was lived, in complete contrast to the fascist propaganda films it superseded. It will discuss and debate this by analyzing some of the most prominent films and their directors that represented the movement. The main exponents of the neorealist movement were Visconti, Rossellini and De Sica (Hayward, 2000), â€Å"The Movement lasted from 1942 to 1952, even though critics credit RobertoRead MoreItalian Neorealism1168 Words   |  5 PagesItalian Neo-realism Thesis What? It sought to deal realistically with the events leading up to the war and with their resulting social problems. Rooted in the 1920s, it was similar to the verismo (realism) movement, from which it originated, but differed in that its upsurge resulted from the intense feelings inspired by fascist repression, the Resistance, and the war. Italian aesthetic movement that flourished especially after World War II. Neorealism in film embraced a documentary-likeRead MoreItalian Neorealism: Film Style of Post-War Europe Essay821 Words   |  4 PagesIn the period between 1943 and 1950 Italian cinema was dominated by Neorealism which became the most significant film style of post-war Europe. Formation began back in 1936 when propagandists opened modern Cincitta studios and the film school name ‘Centro Sperimentaledi Cinematografia’. Along with the opening of schools such as this was a movement that placed a group of cinematographers under full-year contracts, among them was Carlo Montuori who used his classic techniques in creating ‘Bicycle Thieves’Read MoreTheme Of Neorealism In Ladri Di Biciclette1348 Words   |  6 PagesCesare Zavattini, one of early Italian screenwriters who help start the Neorealism movement in his home county’s cinema once said â€Å" The true purpose on cinema is not to tell fables...There must be no gap between life and what is on the screen.† His screenplay, Ladri Di Biciclette (known as Bicycle Thieves to American audiences) is an artful manifestation of the Italian Neorealism. The film through numerous narrative aspects captures realistic snapshot into the fictional life of a working class familyRead MoreThe Decline of Classical Hollywood Films888 Words   |  4 Pagesof the Italian Neo Realism and French New Wave this saw American film change drastically from its previous eras of filming techniques and saw a whole new era take over. Many changes happened following the 1948 lawsuit. Which saw the structure of American cinema completely change and brought a new era which defined the production of films and had a huge influence on the progression of film. With this, along with the influence of Italian neo realism and the French new wave, American Cinema grew andRead MoreThe Manipulation of Sound in Cinema1031 Words   |  4 PagesManipulation of Sound in Cinema Ever since the end of the era of silent film, sound, music, and even noise, has played and will continue to play a vital role in the world of cinema. It is through this very specific manipulation and creation of sound that directors are not only able to donate a particular emotion or feel to a scene, but also aides to allude to an even subtler subtext that exists within the world that has been created on the screen. Francesco Rosi, an Italian â€Å"Neo-Realist† director, is

Corporations Law for Wambo Coal Pty Ltd v Sumiseki -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCorporations Law for Wambo Coal Pty Ltd v Sumiseki. Answer: Issue The key issue in this case revolves around the actions which can be taken by the Gallis grandchildren in the matter of non payment of the dividend for this year. Rule The shareholders purchase the shares of a company to not just be its shareholders but also to earn returns on their invested money through dividends (Latimer, 2012). Under section 254W(2) of the Corporations Act, 2001(Cth) , it is not obligatory to pay the dividends. The company can issue shares only when the requirements covered under section 254T of this act are satisfied (ICNL, 2017). As per this section, the dividend only has to be paid when there is a sufficient amount of profits and where the payment of dividend would not affect the capacity of the company in fulfilling the obligations of the creditors (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). Section 232 of this act covers the provisions regarding the oppressive conduct which takes place against the minority shareholders (WIPO, 2015). Under this section, the court can make an order for remedies under section 233 where an oppressive conduct is established or such conduct which is discriminatory in an unfair manner (Austlii, 2017). Under section 233 of Corporations Act, the court can make different orders whereby the aggrieved party is given remedies for the established oppressive conduct, and the remedies which can be offered includes winding up order against the company, amending/ modifying the constitution of the company, applying for the management to purchase the shares of the applicant, refraining the management from doing something particularly an act, transmitting the shares by will or law, discontinuing some events, and even asking the directors to do a particular act (Victorian Law Reform Commission, 2017). A recent verdict given in Wambo Coal Pty Ltd v Sumiseki Materials Co Ltd [2014] NSWCA 326 made it an oppressive conduct when there was a failure on part of the company in paying the mandatory dividend (Launders, Hogan and Randall, 2014). Three conditions were laid down in Thomas v H W Thomas Ltd (1984) 1 NZLR 686 for oppressive remedy as per which, it has to be shown that the object for which the act was undertaken was to cause such actions where an oppression took place, or which was unfairly prejudicial/ discriminatory; the second condition is that the reasonable expectation had not been met; and the last condition is that awarding the remedies would be not only equitable but also just and fair (New Zealand Official Law Reports, 2017). Application Section 245W(2) of this act provides that the dividend is a choice of the directors. And in this case study, the dividend on A Class Shares is to be issued at discretion and so, on the basis of this section, the Galli can freely deny the dividends to the shareholders. Also, Wambo Coal Pty Ltd v Sumiseki Materials Co Ltd required the oppressive conduct only when it dealt with mandatory dividend. And on the basis of Thomas v H W Thomas Ltd, the three conditions have not been fulfilled as the conduct was not oppressive, but merely to use the profits of the company for expanding the business; also, the discretionary nature of dividends would deny the presence of oppressive conduct; and in case the remedies covered under section 233 are awarded in this case, it would become unfair and unjust. Conclusion To conclude, due to the absence of oppressive conduct in this case, the claim of Gallis grandchildren would not be upheld and the company cannot be forced to pay the dividend. Issue The key issue in this case revolves around the benefits which revolve around buy back of shares and the conditions which have to be fulfilled for this. Rule The buyback of shares can be defined as the shares of the company being repurchased by them and the stock of the company being reacquired (Latimer, 2012). There are many benefits of opting for buy back and this includes taking advantage of the undervalued share prices of the company; dropping the dilution; increasing the companys ownership; increasing the financial ratios particular the return on equity, which plays a crucial role when the shares of the company are being bought back (Kandarpa, 2016). Linking the benefits to the context of the previous case study, by undertaking share buyback, the company can save the costs of litigation in case in the oppressive conduct case, the matter reaches the court and the court ultimately orders the company to buy back the shares of the minority shareholder (WIPO, 2015). The Australian Securities and Investments Commission along with the Corporations Act provide the statutory requirements for the share buyback in the nation. Division 2 of Part 2J.1 of the Corporations Act provides the requirements which have to be followed when it comes to the buyback of shares. Further, the information which has to be disclosed is covered under section 257A and the requirements of a report of an independent expert for the valuation purpose is given under the ASICs Regulatory Guide 75 (ASIC, 2007). Application Applying the provisions covered above in the given case study, the company could safeguard from the possible liabilities in case a case of oppressive conduct is deemed successful. Also, it would avoid the company from having to pay dividends to the shareholders of A Class and increase ownership of company. So, after fulfilling the requirements stated above, including the report of independent expert, the buyback should be undertaken by the company. Conclusion To conclude, by following the requirements which have been covered above, the buyback of shares can be undertaken by the company. Issue The key issue in this case revolves around opting for capital reduction instead of buyback of shares for FWLP. Rule The share capital reduction denotes the process in which the equity held by the shareholder is reduced for the company based on the methods which have been covered under the statue (Dagwell, Wines and Lambert, 2015). By opting for capital reduction, the value of the shareholders can be increased and also leads to the capital structure of the company being more efficient (Nanda, 2015). In order for a capital of the company to be reduced, based on section 256C of the Corporations Act, it has to be reasonable and just for the shareholders as a whole and at the same time, the same should not prejudice the payments which have to be made to the creditors of the company and under this section, there is a need to obtain the approval of shareholders. By redeeming the preference shares of the company, particularly which are redeemable based on section 245J to section 254K and also by cancelling the shares as per section 258A and 258FA of this act (ASIC, 2014). As per section 254Y of Corporatio ns Act, once the shares have been cancelled, there is a need to file Form 484 with ASIC which covers the details of the cancelled shares (Australian Government, 2013). Application In the given case study, FWPL should opt for cancellation of shares instead of buying them back as this would have the approval of shareholders which would minimize the chances of a case of oppression being made against the company. However, it would have to be shown that this cancellation is not prejudicial to the creditors and that it is fair. Conclusion To conclude, the company should cancel the shares instead of buying back the shares as it would have shareholders approval. References ASIC. (2007) Share buy-backs. [Online] ASIC. Available from: https://download.asic.gov.au/media/1240127/rg110.pdf [Accessed on: 01/10/17] ASIC. (2014) Reduction in share capital. [Online] ASIC. Available from: https://asic.gov.au/for-business/running-a-company/shares/reduction-in-share-capital/ [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Austlii. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Austlii. Available from: https://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/ definitions [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Australian Government. (2013) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Australian Government. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00605 [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Dagwell, R., Wines, G., and Lambert, C. (2015) Corporate Accounting in Australia. NSW: Pearson Australia. Federal Register of Legislation. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Federal Register of Legislation. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00605 [Accessed on: 01/10/17] ICNL. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] ICNL. Available from: https://www.icnl.org/research/library/files/Australia/Corps2001Vol4WD02.pdf [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Kandarpa, K. (2016) What is the Purpose of a Share Buyback and How can Shareholders Benefit from it?. [Online] Wise Owl. Available from: https://www.wise-owl.com/investment-education/what-is-the-purpose-of-a-share-buyback-and-how-can-shareholders-benefit-from-it [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Latimer, P. (2012) Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Launders, R., Hogan, J., and Randall, S. (2014) When will a dividend be mandatory?: Wambo Coal Pty Ltd v Sumiseki Materials Co Ltd [2014] NSWCA 326. [Online] Lexology. Available from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=e32fb35d-7227-428d-a2d9-435d0e07a28e [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Nanda, D.S. (2015) Reduction in share capital: Analysis. [Online] Corporate Law Reporter. Available from: https://corporatelawreporter.com/2015/02/23/reduction-share-capital-analysis/ [Accessed on: 01/10/17] New Zealand Official Law Reports. (2017) Thomas v H W Thomas Ltd - [1984] 1 NZLR 686. [Online] New Zealand Official Law Reports. Available from: https://www.lawreports.nz/thomas-v-h-w-thomas-ltd-1984-1-nzlr-686/ [Accessed on: 01/10/17] Victorian Law Reform Commission. (2017) The oppression remedy in the Corporations Act. [Online] Victorian Law Reform Commission. Available from: https://www.lawreform.vic.gov.au/content/3-oppression-remedy-corporations-act#footnote-135972-53-backlink [Accessed on: 01/10/17] WIPO. (2015) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] WIPO. Available from: https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=370817 [Accessed on: 01/10/17]

Wednesday, April 15, 2020

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